Title: Learning to Speak from Text: Zero-Shot Multilingual Text-to-Speech with Unsupervised Text Pretraining
Authors: Takaaki Saeki, Soumi Maiti, Xinjian Li, Shinji Watanabe, Shinnosuke Takamichi, Hiroshi Saruwatari
Published: 30th January 2023 (Monday) @ 00:53:50
Link: http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.12596v2
Abstract
While neural text-to-speech (TTS) has achieved human-like natural synthetic speech, multilingual TTS systems are limited to resource-rich languages due to the need for paired text and studio-quality audio data. This paper proposes a method for zero-shot multilingual TTS using text-only data for the target language. The use of text-only data allows the development of TTS systems for low-resource languages for which only textual resources are available, making TTS accessible to thousands of languages. Inspired by the strong cross-lingual transferability of multilingual language models, our framework first performs masked language model pretraining with multilingual text-only data. Then we train this model with a paired data in a supervised manner, while freezing a language-aware embedding layer. This allows inference even for languages not included in the paired data but present in the text-only data. Evaluation results demonstrate highly intelligible zero-shot TTS with a character error rate of less than 12% for an unseen language. All experiments were conducted using public datasets and the implementation will be made available for reproducibility.